Copy logo as SVG
Copy wordmark as SVG
Brand guidelines
Home page
Services
Security & compliance
Smart contract security audits
Find and fix vulnerabilities before launch.
Incident response
Rapid support when security issues go live
Formal verification
Mathematical assurance for critical code paths.
Penetration testing
End-to-end testing across apps, infra, and systems.
Risk advisory
Understand protocol, asset, and market exposure.
Security advisory
Ongoing guidance for protocol security teams
Supported chains
Ethereum
ZKsync
Arbitrum
Avalanche
Binance
Base
Optimism
Polygon
Solana
Aztec
Monad
Abstract
TON
Sui
Tron
Aptos
Starknet
Resources
Company
About
Meet the team
Partners & ecosystem
Build with Cyfrin's security network
Case studies
See how teams secure their protocols
Explore
Blog
The latest industry news
Ambassadors
Join the Cyfrin community
Brand Kit
Logos, colors, and media assets
Glossary
Blockchain security terms, explained simply
Latest blog posts
Blind Signing - Solved?
Read more
AI Safety for Developers: What to Watch For and How to Reduce Risk
Read more
Why the Drift Protocol Hack Changes Everything About Web3 Security
Read more
Industries
Industries
Decentralized finance
Secure protocols, markets, and onchain finance.
Financial services
Bring blockchain systems to market safely.
Supply chain
Verify, trace, and secure blockchain workflows.
Law enforcement
Investigate blockchain activity with expert support.
DAOs & treasuries
Protect assets, governance, and operations.
Healthcare
Protect sensitive systems and digital records.
Governments
Build secure digital asset programs.
E-commerce & retail
Secure crypto payments and onchain commerce.
Customer stories
From Non-Technical to Founder of a Smart Contract Development Company
Read more
From DevOps Engineer to CodeHawks Eagle
Read more
From Web2 Explorer to CodeHawks Eagle
Read more
Services
Smart contract security audits
Incident response
Formal Verification
Penetration testing
Risk advisory
Security advisory
Products
Solodit
Aderyn
Moccasin
Industries
Decentralized finance
Financial services
Supply chain
Law enforcement
DAOS & treasuries
Healthcare
Governments
E-commerce & retail
Resources
About
Partners & ecosystem
Case studies
Blog
Ambassadors
Brand kit
Glossary
Book a consultation
Resources
Glossary
All things DeFi and dev in plain English. Our glossary breaks down complex terms and concepts into relatable language, making it easier for you to grasp the essentials of decentralized finance.
#
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
EIPs/ERCs
A
ABI Decode (Solidity Code Example)
ABI Encode (Solidity Code Example)
Accessing Private Data Hack (Solidity Code Example)
Address
AMM
Arithmetic Overflow and Underflow Hack (Solidity Code Example)
Array (Solidity Code Example)
Arrays
Assembly Binary Exponentiation (Solidity Code Example)
Assembly Conditional Statements (Solidity Code Example)
Assembly Error (Solidity Code Example)
Assembly Loop (Solidity Code Example)
Assembly Math (Solidity Code Example)
Assembly Variable (Solidity Code Example)
B
Bi-Directional Payment Channel (Solidity Code Example)
Bitwise Operators (Solidity Code Example)
Block Timestamp Manipulation Hack (Solidity Code Example)
Blockchain
Bypass Contract Size Check Hack (Solidity Code Example)
Bytecode
C
Call (Solidity Code Example)
Calldata in Solidity
Calling Other Contract (Solidity Code Example)
Calling Parent Contracts (Solidity Code Example)
Chainlink Price Oracle (Solidity Code Example)
Compiler
Consensus Algorithm
Constant Product AMM (Solidity Code Example)
Constant Sum AMM (Solidity Code Example)
Constants (Solidity Code Example)
Constants (Vyper Code Example)
Constructor (Solidity Code Example)
Constructor (Vyper Code Example)
Contract that Creates other Contracts (Solidity Code Example)
Create New Contract (Vyper Code Example)
Crowd Fund (Solidity Code Example)
Cryptocurrency
Cryptocurrency Wallet
Cryptographic Verification
Cryptography
Curve Add and Remove Liquidity (Vyper Code Example)
Curve Swap (Vyper Code Example)
D
DAI Proxy Examples (Solidity Code Example)
Data Locations - Storage, Memory and Calldata (Solidity Code Example)
Data structures in Solidity and Vyper
Data Types - References (Vyper Code Example)
Data Types - Values (Vyper Code Example)
Debug with Print (Vyper Code Example)
Decentralization
Decentralized App (dApp)
Decentralized Autonomous Organization (DAO)
Decentralized Exchange (DEX)
Decentralized Finance (DeFi)
Default Function (Vyper Code Example)
Delegate Call (Vyper Code Example)
Delegatecall (Solidity Code Example)
Delegatecall Hack (Solidity Code Example)
Denial of Service Hack (Solidity Code Example)
Deploy Any Contract (Solidity Code Example)
Deploy Different Contracts at the Same Address Hack (Solidity Code Example)
Discrete Staking Rewards (Solidity Code Example)
Dutch Auction (Solidity Code Example)
Dynamic Arrays (Vyper Code Example)
E
Echidna Fuzz Testing (Solidity Code Example)
Enum (Solidity Code Example)
Error (Solidity Code Example)
Error (Vyper Code Example)
Ether and Wei (Solidity Code Example)
Ether Wallet (Solidity Code Example)
Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM)
Event (Vyper Code Example)
Events (Solidity Code Example)
Events Advanced (Solidity Code Example)
EVM Memory Layout (Solidity Code Example)
EVM Storage (Solidity Code Example)
F
Fallback (Solidity Code Example)
Flash Loan
For and While Loop (Solidity Code Example)
For Loop (Vyper Code Example)
Foundry Authorization (Solidity Code Example)
Foundry Basic (Solidity Code Example)
Foundry Error (Solidity Code Example)
Foundry Event (Solidity Code Example)
Foundry Label (Solidity Code Example)
Foundry Mock Call (Solidity Code Example)
Foundry Send (Solidity Code Example)
Foundry Sign (Solidity Code Example)
Foundry Time (Solidity Code Example)
Front Running Hack (Solidity Code Example)
Function (Solidity Code Example)
Function (Vyper Code Example)
Function Modifier (Solidity Code Example)
Function Selector (Solidity Code Example)
Fuzz Testing
G
Gas
Gas and Gas Price (Solidity Code Example)
Gas Saving Techniques (Solidity Code Example)
Gasless Token Transfer (Solidity Code Example)
Governance Attack
H
Hash
Hash Function
Hash Function (Vyper Code Example)
Hashing with Keccak256 (Solidity Code Example)
Hello World (Vyper Code Example)
Hiding Malicious Code with External Contract Hack (Solidity Code Example)
Honeypot Hack (Solidity Code Example)
I
If / Else (Solidity Code Example)
If Else Conditional Statement (Vyper Code Example)
Immutable
Immutable (Solidity Code Example)
Immutable (Vyper Code Example)
Import (Solidity Code Example)
Imports (Vyper Code Example)
Inheritance (Solidity Code Example)
Interface (Solidity Code Example)
Interface (Vyper Code Example)
Internal and External Functions (Vyper Code Example)
Invariant
Invariant Test
Iterable Mapping (Solidity Code Example)
K
Keccak256
L
Library (Solidity Code Example)
Linear Interpolation (Vyper Code Example)
Liquidity Pool
M
Mapping (Solidity Code Example)
Mapping in Solidity
Memory in Solidity
Mempool
Merkle Airdrop (Solidity Code Example)
Merkle Tree (Solidity Code Example)
Minimal Proxy Contract (Solidity Code Example)
Modules (Vyper Code Example)
Multi Call (Solidity Code Example)
Multi Delegatecall (Solidity Code Example)
Multi-Sig Wallet (Solidity Code Example)
Multi-Sig Wallet (Vyper Code Example)
N
Node
Nonce
nSLOC
#
63 / 64 Gas Rule (Solidity Code Example)
O
Opcodes
Oracle
P
Payable (Solidity Code Example)
Payable (Vyper Code Example)
Phishing with tx.origin Hack (Solidity Code Example)
Precompute Contract Address with Create2 (Solidity Code Example)
Primitive Data Types (Solidity Code Example)
Private and Public State Variables (Vyper Code Example)
Private Key
Proof of History (PoH)
Protocol
Public Key
R
Raw Call (Vyper Code Example)
Re-entrancy Hack (Solidity Code Example)
Reading and Writing to a State Variable (Solidity Code Example)
Rebase Token (Vyper Code Example)
Reentrancy
Reentrancy Attack
Reentrancy Lock (Vyper Code Example)
S
Self Destruct (Vyper Code Example)
Self Destruct Hack (Solidity Code Example)
Send Ether (Vyper Code Example)
Sending Ether: Transfer, Send, Call (Solidity Code Example)
Shadowing Inherited State Variables (Solidity Code Example)
Signature
Signature Replay Hack (Solidity Code Example)
Simple Bytecode Contract (Solidity Code Example)
Smart Contract
Smart Contract Metadata
Solidity Function
Source of Randomness Hack (Solidity Code Example)
Stable Swap AMM (Solidity Code Example)
Stablecoin
Staking Rewards (Solidity Code Example)
State
Static Analysis
Storage in Solidity
Structs
Structs (Solidity Code Example)
Syntax
T
Time Lock (Solidity Code Example)
Transaction
Transient Storage (Solidity Code Example)
Try / Catch (Solidity Code Example)
Turing-complete
U
Uint256 in Solidity
Unchecked Math (Solidity Code Example)
Unidirectional Payment Channel (Solidity Code Example)
Uniswap V2 Add Remove Liquidity (Solidity Code Example)
Uniswap V2 Flash Swap (Solidity Code Example)
Uniswap V2 Optimal One Sided Supply (Solidity Code Example)
Uniswap V2 Swap (Solidity Code Example)
Uniswap V3 Flash Loan (Solidity Code Example)
Uniswap V3 Flash Swap Arbitrage (Solidity Code Example)
Uniswap V3 Liquidity (Solidity Code Examples)
Uniswap V3 Swaps (Solidity Code Examples)
Unit Test in Solidity
Unsafe Math (Vyper Code Example)
Upgradeable Proxy (Solidity Code Example)
User Defined Value Types (Solidity Code Example)
V
Variable in Solidity
Variables (Solidity Code Example)
Vault Contract (Solidity Code Example)
Vault Inflation Hack (Solidity Code Example)
Verify Signature (Vyper Code Example)
Verifying Signature (Solidity Code Example)
View and Pure Functions (Solidity Code Example)
View and Pure Functions (Vyper Code Example)
Visibility (Solidity Code Example)
VSCode
Vyper Functions
W
WETH Permit Hack (Solidity Code Example)
Wrapped Token
Write to Any Slot (Solidity Code Example)
EIPs/ERCs
EIP-1559
EIP-191
EIP-4844
EIP-712
EIP-7702
ERC-1155 (Solidity Code Example)
ERC-20
ERC-20 (Solidity Code Example)
ERC-3675
ERC-4337
ERC-721
ERC-721 (Solidity Code Example)